5 | Induced employment
In addition to the direct and indirect impact of the brewing
sector, the number of jobs created by beer sales in the
hospitality and retail sectors shows a far greater effect.
Hospitality sector
The hospitality sector consists of tourism, hotels,
restaurants and the like. The sector in Europe is made
up of around 1.7 million enterprises, employing some 9.5
million workers. Most of these companies are relatively
small, both in terms of turnover and workforce. They
represent an essential part of the countries cultural and
social landscape and form the backbone of European
tourism. The number and size of enterprises differs
between countries. Most countries in the survey provided
estimated numbers. Data received from United Kingdom,
Spain and France gives an insight of the number of
enterprises and the number of people employed.
Beer is served in many outlets in the hospitality sector,
and therefore a proportion of the jobs in these sector
can be attributed to beer. In the European Union in 2010
almost 1.5 million jobs can be attributed to the sales of
beer, this is almost 16% of all hospitality jobs. In 2008,
more than 1.7 million jobs were attributed to the sale of
beer, so the employment effect of beer in the hospitality
sector decreased by 13%.
Compared to other sectors, the number of jobs created
by beer in the hospitality sector is relatively large. This can
be explained by the relatively low turnover per employee
in the sector. It is also the reason that the reduction in
consumer spending in the hospitality sector (as a result
of the combined effect of the economic downturn and
the trend to drink more at home instead of in bars and
restaurants) has the largest effect on the employment
figures in the hospitality sector.
Retail sector
The retail industry is a sector of the economy that is
comprised of individuals and companies engaged in
the selling of fnished products to end user consumers.
There are no European-wide data on of the number of
enterprises in this sector and most individual countries
do not have such fgures. Therefore only the employment
fgures that can be attributed to the sale of beer are given
here. In the retail sector of the European Union in 2010
more than 103,000 jobs can be attributed entirely to the
sale of beer. In 2008 there were more than 129,000 retail
jobs due to beer; in other words a decrease of 20%.
The main reasons for this large decrease is a substantial
decrease in the average price of beer in the retail sector
and a large increase in the turnover per person employed
in the retail sector in the same period.
›
Table / Number of enterprises and workers in the hospitality
sector in some European countries
›
Source : questionnaires of national brewery associations.
›
Source : Ernst & Young calculation (2011)
(see Annex III for an explanation on methodology).
Country
Number of enterprises
Employed
United Kingdom
113,593
1,929,000
Spain
643,392
1,421,200
France
207,598
492,624
›
Graph 4.5. / Employment in the EU hospitality sector
due to beer : 1.5 million jobs
Germany
United Kingdom
Spain
Italy
Portugal
The Netherlands
Greece
France
Belgium
Romania
Ireland
Poland
Austria
Czech Republic
Other countries
28%
18%
13%
8%
4%
4%
4%
3%
3%
2%
2%
2% 2%
1%
6%
The Contribution made by Beer to the European Economy
36